Kyphoplasty/Vertebroplasty

Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty are advanced techniques used to treat vertebral compression fractures, which are small breaks in the front part of the vertebrae called the vertebral body. These fractures can lead to vertebral collapse, resulting in pain and a hunched-over deformity known as kyphosis. The main cause of vertebral compression fractures is osteoporosis, a condition characterized by bone thinning. Fractures related to spinal tumors can also contribute to vertebral compression fractures.

How Are the Procedures Performed?

During kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty, the patient lies on their stomach. Our experienced doctor inserts a hollow needle called a trocar through the skin and into the affected vertebra. Fluoroscopy, a type of X-ray, is used to guide the trocar into the correct position.

Once the trocar is in place, either bone cement (vertebroplasty) or an inflatable balloon-like device (kyphoplasty) is inserted through the trocar into the vertebra. In kyphoplasty, as the balloon is inflated, it creates space within the vertebra that is then filled with bone cement.

What Are the Goals of the Procedures?

Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty aim to stabilize the fractured vertebrae, relieve pain, and restore vertebral height, thereby improving spinal alignment. By addressing the compression fractures, these procedures can alleviate pain, improve mobility, and prevent further deformity.

Who Is a Candidate for Kyphoplasty/Vertebroplasty?

Kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty is typically recommended for individuals with painful progressive back pain resulting from osteoporotic or pathologic vertebral compression fractures. Candidates often experience significant decreases in mobility and function due to the fractures.

To be considered for these procedures, the patient’s pain must be directly related to the vertebral fracture and not attributed to other underlying conditions such as disk herniation, arthritis, or stenosis. Additional imaging tests like spinal X-rays, bone scans, and CT or MRI scans may be ordered to confirm the presence of a vertebral fracture.

What Type of Anesthesia Is Used?

Kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty are minimally invasive procedures typically performed under general anesthesia, depending on the patient’s needs and the doctor’s recommendation. While most cases require an overnight stay, many patients can go home the same afternoon.

Is Kyphoplasty Painful?

Patients may experience soreness in the area where the trocar was inserted, but this discomfort should resolve within a few days. Applying ice to the area can help alleviate any soreness or swelling.

How Effective Are Kyphoplasty/Vertebroplasty?

Kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty usually provides pain relief and improved mobility within 48 hours following the procedures. In some cases, immediate pain relief can be experienced. The majority of patients report satisfaction with the results and are able to resume their usual activities prior to the vertebral fracture.