A stellate ganglion block is an effective procedure that involves injecting a local anesthetic into the sympathetic nerve tissue, which is part of the Sympathetic Nervous System. These nerves are located on either side of the voice box in the neck.
Purpose of the Stellate Ganglion Block
The primary purpose of the injection is to block the Sympathetic Nerves, which can reduce pain, swelling, color, and sweating changes in the upper extremity while potentially improving mobility. It is commonly used as part of the treatment for conditions such as Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD), Sympathetic Maintained Pain, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, and Herpes Zoster (shingles) affecting the upper extremity, head, and face.
Duration of the Injection
The actual injection itself takes only a few minutes, making it a quick and efficient procedure.
Components of the Injection
The injection consists of a local anesthetic, such as lidocaine or bupivacaine, which provides immediate pain relief, along with the addition of cortisone for its anti-inflammatory properties.
Discomfort and Sedation
As with any injection, there may be some discomfort during the procedure as a needle is inserted through the skin and deeper tissues. However, the skin and deeper tissues can be numbed using a local anesthetic, minimizing the discomfort. Most patients also receive intravenous sedation and analgesia, ensuring the procedure is well-tolerated.
Administration of the Injection
The injection is performed with the patient either lying flat or in a specific position. Throughout the procedure, patients are closely monitored using EKG, blood pressure cuff, and blood oxygen-monitoring devices. The area in the front of the neck, adjacent to the voice box, is cleansed with an antiseptic solution before the injection is administered.
Post-Injection Expectations
Immediately after the injection, you may experience warmth in the upper extremity. It is not uncommon to notice a significant reduction or complete absence of pain. Some side effects may include a lump in the throat, hoarse voice, droopy and red eye, and nasal congestion on the injected side. Occasionally, a headache may develop.
Post-Procedure Recommendations
It is advisable to arrange for a ride home after the procedure. We recommend taking it easy for a day or so and gradually resuming activities as tolerated. Physical therapy may be initiated immediately for some patients, based on their individual needs.
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